What does the term "focal traps" refer to in aviation?

The term "focal traps" refers to the tendency of a pilot to fixate on small objects, such as specks on the windscreen, instead of maintaining awareness of the broader environment, particularly distant objects that are crucial for safe flying. This fixation can interfere with a pilot’s ability to perceive their surroundings accurately.

In aviation, maintaining situational awareness is essential for safety, especially when landing or navigating in busy airspace. Focal traps can lead to visual misjudgment and distract the pilot from key visual cues that are critical during flight operations. By focusing too intently on these small details, pilots may overlook important information, such as the position of other aircraft or changes in the environment, which can pose safety risks.

Understanding this concept helps pilots learn the importance of maintaining a broad and continuous scan of the area around them, ensuring they remain vigilant and aware of their surroundings.