What should a pilot do when in an autorotation due to engine failure?

In the event of an autorotation due to engine failure, controlling the descent rate is crucial for ensuring a safe landing. During autorotation, the pilot must manage the rotor system's energy and utilize the lift generated by the rotor blades. By controlling the descent rate, the pilot can maintain optimal rotor RPM, which is essential for providing adequate lift as the helicopter approaches the landing zone.

Maintaining a controlled descent allows the pilot to assess the landing area better while preparing for a successful recovery at the point of landing. This includes managing airflow over the rotor blades, which is critical for maintaining the appropriate aerodynamic conditions that facilitate the autorotation process.

Other options, such as maximizing elevator input or performing rapid turns, could destabilize the helicopter and compromise safety during what is already a critical phase of flight. Increasing collective pitch would contradict the principles of autorotation, as it would increase lift but also increase the descent rate, leading to a loss of rotor energy and control. Therefore, controlling descent rate is the correct action to take during an autorotation situation.